Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat problems in the hip joint. During the procedure, a surgeon inserts a small camera, called an arthroscope, into the hip joint. The camera displays pictures on a video monitor, and the surgeon uses these images to guide miniature surgical instruments.

Common Symptoms

• Persistent hip pain
• Limited range of motion
• Hip stiffness
• Clicking or locking sensation in the hip
• Groin pain
• Swelling and tenderness

Cause & Anatomy

• Labral tears
• Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI)
• Hip dysplasia
• Loose bodies (fragments of bone or cartilage)
• Synovitis (inflammation of the joint lining)
• Cartilage damage
• Ligamentum teres injuries
• Hip joint infections

The hip is a ball-and-socket joint formed where the thighbone (femur) meets the pelvis. Key components include:

• Femoral head: The ball of the femur.
• Acetabulum: The socket in the pelvis.
• Labrum: A ring of cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum, providing stability.
• Ligaments: Structures that connect bone to bone, providing joint stability.
• Cartilage: Smooth tissue that covers the surface of bones in the joint, reducing friction.

Diagnosis

• Physical examination: Assessment of hip movement, pain, and stability.
• Imaging: X-rays, MRI, CT scans, or ultrasound to visualize the joint and identify abnormalities.
• Diagnostic arthroscopy: Direct visualization of the hip joint through a small incision.

Prevention

• Exercise: Regular physical activity to strengthen the muscles around the hip.
• Proper technique: Using correct posture and techniques during activities and sports.
• Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the hip joint.
• Stretching and flexibility: Ensuring muscles around the hip are flexible to prevent injuries.

Treatment

Non-surgical:

• Physical therapy
• Medications (NSAIDs)
• Injections (corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid)
• Lifestyle modifications

Surgical:

• Hip arthroscopy for minimally invasive repair
• Open surgery for more complex cases

Rehabilitation

• Immediate post-op: Pain management and limited weight-bearing.
• Physical therapy: Gradual introduction of exercises to restore range of motion and strength.
• Activity modification: Avoiding high-impact activities until fully healed.
• Follow-up: Regular visits to monitor recovery and address any issues.

FAQ’s

How long is the recovery period?
Recovery can take from a few weeks to several months, depending on the extent of the surgery and individual patient factors.

Will I need physical therapy?
Yes, physical therapy is a crucial part of recovery to regain strength and mobility.

Are there risks associated with hip arthroscopy?
As with any surgery, there are risks such as infection, blood clots, nerve damage, and complications from anesthesia.

When can I return to sports or high-impact activities?
This varies by individual, but typically after 3-6 months with the guidance of your surgeon and physical therapist.

What is the success rate of hip arthroscopy?
Success rates are generally high, especially for addressing issues like labral tears and FAI, but depend on the specific condition and patient health.